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Derivative of a sum with fractional exponents, evaluated at a point

Let f(x)=3x2/3−7x1/2+2f(x) = 3x^{2/3} - 7x^{1/2} + 2. Find f′(x)f'(x) using the basic differentiation rules, then evaluate f′(4)f'(4).

Hint

Differentiate term by term using the constant multiple, sum/difference, and power rules. Remember that the power rule applies to fractional exponents too: ddx[xn]=nxn−1\frac{d}{dx}[x^n] = nx^{n-1}.

Step-by-step solution

Apply the sum/difference and constant multiple rules to differentiate term by term: f′(x)=3⋅23x2/3−1−7⋅12x1/2−1+0f'(x) = 3\cdot \frac{2}{3}x^{2/3-1} - 7\cdot\frac{1}{2}x^{1/2-1} + 0. This simplifies to f′(x)=2x−1/3−72x−1/2f'(x) = 2x^{-1/3} - \frac{7}{2}x^{-1/2}.

Now substitute x=4x=4: f′(4)=2(4)−1/3−72(4)−1/2f'(4) = 2(4)^{-1/3} - \frac{7}{2}(4)^{-1/2}. Since (4)−1/2=14=12(4)^{-1/2} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{4}} = \frac{1}{2}, we have f′(4)=2(4)−1/3−72⋅12=2(4)−1/3−74f'(4) = 2(4)^{-1/3} - \frac{7}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{2} = 2(4)^{-1/3} - \frac{7}{4}. The first term is 2⋅143=243≈1.2602\cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4}} = \frac{2}{\sqrt[3]{4}} \approx 1.260, and the second term is 74=1.75\frac{7}{4} = 1.75, so f′(4)≈1.260−1.75≈−0.49f'(4) \approx 1.260 - 1.75 \approx -0.49.

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