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Quotient rule application

Let g(x)=x3+2x−14x+5g(x) = \dfrac{x^3+2x-1}{4x+5}. Find g′(x)g'(x).

Hint

Use the quotient rule (fg)′=f′g−fg′g2\left(\frac{f}{g}\right)' = \frac{f'g - fg'}{g^2} with f(x)=x3+2x−1f(x) = x^3+2x-1 and g(x)=4x+5g(x) = 4x+5. Compute f′(x)f'(x) and g′(x)g'(x) first, then substitute carefully, keeping the order of subtraction correct.

Step-by-step solution

Identify f(x)=x3+2x−1f(x) = x^3 + 2x - 1 and h(x)=4x+5h(x) = 4x+5 (using hh to avoid clashing with gg's name). Then f′(x)=3x2+2f'(x) = 3x^2 + 2 and h′(x)=4h'(x) = 4. The quotient rule states g′(x)=f′(x)h(x)−f(x)h′(x)[h(x)]2g'(x) = \dfrac{f'(x)h(x) - f(x)h'(x)}{[h(x)]^2}.

Substituting gives g′(x)=(3x2+2)(4x+5)−(x3+2x−1)(4)(4x+5)2g'(x) = \dfrac{(3x^2+2)(4x+5) - (x^3+2x-1)(4)}{(4x+5)^2}. Expanding the numerator: (3x2+2)(4x+5)=12x3+15x2+8x+10(3x^2+2)(4x+5) = 12x^3 + 15x^2 + 8x + 10, and 4(x3+2x−1)=4x3+8x−44(x^3+2x-1) = 4x^3+8x-4. Subtracting gives 12x3+15x2+8x+10−4x3−8x+4=8x3+15x2+1412x^3+15x^2+8x+10 - 4x^3-8x+4 = 8x^3 + 15x^2 + 14. So g′(x)=8x3+15x2+14(4x+5)2g'(x) = \dfrac{8x^3+15x^2+14}{(4x+5)^2}.

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