End behavior of a rational function with numerator degree greater than denominator degree
Consider the function .
Evaluate , and use this result to determine whether has a horizontal asymptote as . State the value of the limit (or indicate that it is or ), and explain what this tells you about a horizontal asymptote.
Hint
Compare the degree of the numerator to the degree of the denominator. When the numerator's degree is larger, dividing every term by the highest power of in the denominator shows the dominant term grows without bound.
Step-by-step solution
Here the numerator has degree 3, while the denominator has degree 2. Since the degree of the numerator is greater than the degree of the denominator, the rational function grows without bound as , so the limit is not a finite number.
To see this explicitly, divide numerator and denominator by : . As , the terms and vanish, leaving , which grows to . Therefore , and since the limit is infinite (not a finite value ), has no horizontal asymptote.
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