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Classify the discontinuity at x = 4

Consider the function q(x)=∣x−4∣x−4q(x) = \dfrac{|x-4|}{x-4}, which is discontinuous at x=4x = 4.

Determine the left-hand limit lim⁡x→4−q(x)\lim_{x \to 4^-} q(x) and the right-hand limit lim⁡x→4+q(x)\lim_{x \to 4^+} q(x). Based on these values, classify the discontinuity of q(x)q(x) at x=4x = 4 as removable, jump, or infinite.

Hint

Rewrite ∣x−4∣|x-4| separately for x<4x < 4 and for x>4x > 4 to simplify q(x)q(x) on each side, then evaluate each one-sided limit.

Step-by-step solution

For x<4x < 4, we have x−4<0x - 4 < 0, so ∣x−4∣=−(x−4)|x-4| = -(x-4). Thus q(x)=−(x−4)x−4=−1q(x) = \dfrac{-(x-4)}{x-4} = -1 for all x<4x < 4, which gives lim⁡x→4−q(x)=−1\lim_{x \to 4^-} q(x) = -1.

For x>4x > 4, we have x−4>0x - 4 > 0, so ∣x−4∣=x−4|x-4| = x-4. Thus q(x)=x−4x−4=1q(x) = \dfrac{x-4}{x-4} = 1 for all x>4x > 4, which gives lim⁡x→4+q(x)=1\lim_{x \to 4^+} q(x) = 1. Since both one-sided limits exist but are unequal (−1≠1-1 \ne 1), the two-sided limit does not exist, and the discontinuity at x=4x=4 is a jump discontinuity.

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