← Back to learning objective

One-sided limits of the rounding function at a half-integer

Let k(x)=round(x)k(x) = \text{round}(x), the function that rounds xx to the nearest integer. For example, k(2.2)=2k(2.2) = 2 and k(2.8)=3k(2.8) = 3. Consider the behavior of k(x)k(x) as x→2.5x \to 2.5.

Consider values of xx close to 2.52.5, coming from the left (e.g., x=2.4,2.49,2.499,…x = 2.4, 2.49, 2.499, \dots) and from the right (e.g., x=2.6,2.51,2.501,…x = 2.6, 2.51, 2.501, \dots). Use these to determine lim⁡x→2.5−k(x)\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5^-} k(x) and lim⁡x→2.5+k(x)\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5^+} k(x), and then decide whether lim⁡x→2.5k(x)\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5} k(x) exists. If it exists, give its value; if not, explain why not in one sentence.

One-sided limits of the rounding function at a half-integer graph
Hint

Round each nearby value of xx to the nearest integer separately for values slightly less than 2.5 and slightly greater than 2.5. Compare the two resulting trends before deciding about the two-sided limit.

Step-by-step solution

For xx slightly less than 2.52.5, such as 2.4,2.49,2.4992.4, 2.49, 2.499, the nearest integer is always 22, since these values are closer to 22 than to 33. So lim⁡x→2.5−k(x)=2\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5^-} k(x) = 2.

For xx slightly greater than 2.52.5, such as 2.6,2.51,2.5012.6, 2.51, 2.501, the nearest integer is always 33, since these values are closer to 33 than to 22. So lim⁡x→2.5+k(x)=3\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5^+} k(x) = 3. Since the left-hand limit (22) and right-hand limit (33) are not equal, the two-sided limit lim⁡x→2.5k(x)\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 2.5} k(x) does not exist.

Related problems

Practice similar Calculus problems interactively.

Start Closing the Gap