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Tangent line using trigonometric derivatives

Consider the function f(x)=sin⁡(x)+cos⁡(x)f(x) = \sin(x) + \cos(x).

Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of f(x)=sin⁡(x)+cos⁡(x)f(x) = \sin(x) + \cos(x) at x=π4x = \dfrac{\pi}{4}.

Hint

First differentiate term by term using ddx[sin⁡x]=cos⁡x\frac{d}{dx}[\sin x] = \cos x and ddx[cos⁡x]=−sin⁡x\frac{d}{dx}[\cos x] = -\sin x. Then evaluate both f(π/4)f(\pi/4) and f′(π/4)f'(\pi/4) to build the point-slope equation of the line.

Step-by-step solution

Differentiate term by term: f′(x)=cos⁡(x)−sin⁡(x)f'(x) = \cos(x) - \sin(x), using ddx[sin⁡x]=cos⁡x\frac{d}{dx}[\sin x] = \cos x and ddx[cos⁡x]=−sin⁡x\frac{d}{dx}[\cos x] = -\sin x. Next, evaluate the slope at x=π/4x = \pi/4: f′(π/4)=cos⁡(π/4)−sin⁡(π/4)=22−22=0f'(\pi/4) = \cos(\pi/4) - \sin(\pi/4) = \frac{\sqrt2}{2} - \frac{\sqrt2}{2} = 0. So the tangent line is horizontal at this point.

Now find the point of tangency: f(π/4)=sin⁡(π/4)+cos⁡(π/4)=22+22=2f(\pi/4) = \sin(\pi/4) + \cos(\pi/4) = \frac{\sqrt2}{2} + \frac{\sqrt2}{2} = \sqrt2. Using the point-slope form y−f(π/4)=f′(π/4)(x−π/4)y - f(\pi/4) = f'(\pi/4)(x - \pi/4) with slope 00, the tangent line simplifies to y=2y = \sqrt2.

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