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Second derivative of a product of exponential and sine functions

Let f(x)=exsin⁡(x)f(x) = e^x \sin(x). Find f′′(x)f''(x).

Hint

First apply the product rule to find f′(x)f'(x). Then apply the product rule again to f′(x)f'(x) to find f′′(x)f''(x), simplifying by combining like terms.

Step-by-step solution

Using the product rule, (uv)′=u′v+uv′(uv)' = u'v + uv'. For f(x)=exsin⁡(x)f(x) = e^x \sin(x), we have f′(x)=(ex)′sin⁡(x)+ex(sin⁡(x))′=exsin⁡(x)+excos⁡(x)=ex(sin⁡x+cos⁡x)f'(x) = (e^x)'\sin(x) + e^x(\sin(x))' = e^x \sin(x) + e^x \cos(x) = e^x(\sin x + \cos x).

Now differentiate f′(x)=ex(sin⁡x+cos⁡x)f'(x) = e^x(\sin x + \cos x) using the product rule again: f′′(x)=(ex)′(sin⁡x+cos⁡x)+ex(sin⁡x+cos⁡x)′=ex(sin⁡x+cos⁡x)+ex(cos⁡x−sin⁡x)f''(x) = (e^x)'(\sin x + \cos x) + e^x(\sin x + \cos x)' = e^x(\sin x + \cos x) + e^x(\cos x - \sin x). Expanding: f′′(x)=exsin⁡x+excos⁡x+excos⁡x−exsin⁡xf''(x) = e^x \sin x + e^x \cos x + e^x \cos x - e^x \sin x. The terms exsin⁡xe^x \sin x and −exsin⁡x-e^x \sin x cancel, leaving f′′(x)=2excos⁡xf''(x) = 2e^x \cos x.

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