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Total growth via Net Change Theorem

A gardener models the growth rate of a plant's height by H′(t)=2tH'(t) = 2\sqrt{t} (cm/week), where tt is measured in weeks since planting.

Using the Net Change Theorem, find the total growth in the plant's height over the first 99 weeks, i.e., compute ∫092t dt.\int_0^9 2\sqrt{t}\, dt.

Hint

Rewrite 2t2\sqrt{t} as 2t1/22t^{1/2}, find an antiderivative using the power rule for integration, then evaluate it at t=9t=9 and t=0t=0 and subtract.

Step-by-step solution

We need an antiderivative of 2t1/22t^{1/2}. Using the power rule for integration, ∫t1/2 dt=t3/23/2=23t3/2\int t^{1/2}\,dt = \frac{t^{3/2}}{3/2} = \frac{2}{3}t^{3/2}, so ∫2t1/2 dt=43t3/2+C\int 2t^{1/2}\,dt = \frac{4}{3}t^{3/2} + C. This gives us H(t)=43t3/2H(t) = \frac{4}{3}t^{3/2} as an antiderivative of H′(t)H'(t).

By the Net Change Theorem, the total growth equals H(9)−H(0)=43(9)3/2−43(0)3/2H(9) - H(0) = \frac{4}{3}(9)^{3/2} - \frac{4}{3}(0)^{3/2}. Since 93/2=(9)3=33=279^{3/2} = (\sqrt{9})^3 = 3^3 = 27, this becomes 43(27)−0=36\frac{4}{3}(27) - 0 = 36. So the plant grew 3636 cm over the first 9 weeks.

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