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Definite integral via u-substitution

Evaluate the definite integral

∫013x+13x2+2x+5 dx\int_0^1 \frac{3x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2+2x+5}}\,dx

using the substitution u=3x2+2x+5u = 3x^2+2x+5.

Hint

Compute du=(6x+2) dxdu = (6x+2)\,dx, so (3x+1) dx=12 du(3x+1)\,dx = \frac{1}{2}\,du. Rewrite the bounds in terms of uu using u=3x2+2x+5u=3x^2+2x+5 evaluated at x=0x=0 and x=1x=1, then integrate u−1/2u^{-1/2}.

Step-by-step solution

Let u=3x2+2x+5u = 3x^2+2x+5, so du=(6x+2) dx=2(3x+1) dxdu = (6x+2)\,dx = 2(3x+1)\,dx, which gives (3x+1) dx=12 du(3x+1)\,dx = \frac{1}{2}\,du. When x=0x=0, u=5u=5; when x=1x=1, u=3+2+5=10u=3+2+5=10. The integral becomes ∫5101u⋅12 du=12∫510u−1/2 du\int_5^{10} \frac{1}{\sqrt{u}}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\,du = \frac{1}{2}\int_5^{10} u^{-1/2}\,du.

Integrating, 12∫u−1/2 du=12⋅2u1/2=u1/2\frac{1}{2}\int u^{-1/2}\,du = \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2u^{1/2} = u^{1/2}. Evaluating from u=5u=5 to u=10u=10 gives 10−5\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{5}. Thus the value of the definite integral is 10−5\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{5}.

Upper bound value after substitution

Hint
Step-by-step solution

The upper bound was x equals one, and substituting into u equals three x squared plus two x plus five gives three plus two plus five, which equals ten. So the upper bound in terms of u is ten.

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