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Evaluating a finite sum using summation formulas

Evaluate the sum ∑i=16(2i+3)\sum_{i=1}^{6} (2i+3) by first expanding it using linearity of summation, then applying the closed-form formula for ∑i=1ni\sum_{i=1}^{n} i. What is the numerical value of the sum?

Hint

Split the sum into 2∑i=16i2\sum_{i=1}^{6} i plus ∑i=163\sum_{i=1}^{6} 3, then use ∑i=1ni=n(n+1)2\sum_{i=1}^{n} i = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} with n=6n=6.

Step-by-step solution

By linearity of summation, ∑i=16(2i+3)=2∑i=16i+∑i=163\sum_{i=1}^{6}(2i+3) = 2\sum_{i=1}^{6} i + \sum_{i=1}^{6} 3. Using the formula ∑i=1ni=n(n+1)2\sum_{i=1}^{n} i = \frac{n(n+1)}{2} with n=6n=6, we get ∑i=16i=6⋅72=21\sum_{i=1}^{6} i = \frac{6\cdot 7}{2} = 21. Also, ∑i=163=6⋅3=18\sum_{i=1}^{6} 3 = 6 \cdot 3 = 18, since we are adding the constant 3 six times.

Substituting these values back in, 2∑i=16i+∑i=163=2(21)+18=42+18=602\sum_{i=1}^{6} i + \sum_{i=1}^{6} 3 = 2(21) + 18 = 42 + 18 = 60. So the sum evaluates to 6060.

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